Mangan
Mangan [maŋˈɡaːn] (altgr. μαυγάυμι: ich entfärbe wirklich) ist ein chemisches Element im Periodensystem der Elemente mit dem Symbol Mn und der Ordnungszahl 25.
| Ordnungszahl: |
25 |
| Name: |
Manganese |
| Namensursprung: |
Latin: magnes (magnet); Italian: manganese. |
| Entdeckung: |
1774 by Johann Gahn in Sweden |
| Beschreibung: |
Hard, brittle, gray-white metal with a pinkish tinge. Rusts like iron in moist air. |
| Vorkommen: |
Abundant ores are pyrolusite (MnO2), psilomelane [(Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10] and rhodochrosite (MnCO3). Pure metal produced by mixing MnO2 with powered Al and ignited in a furnace. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in steel, batteries and ceramics. The steel in
railroad tracks can contain as much as 1.2% manganese. It is crucial to
the effectiveness of vitamin B1. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
54.93805 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
1244°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
2061°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
7.43 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,13,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d5 4s2 |
| Valenzen: |
1,2,3,4,6,7 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
7.4340 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
15.64 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
33.667 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.79 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.48 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
226.0 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
12.050 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
21.7 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
5895.25 |
6490.67 |
637.457 |
648.799 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
2.10314 |
1.91021 |
19.45 |
19.11 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
6539 |
0 |
0 |
640 |
0 |
49.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
1.89609 |
0 |
0 |
19.3727 |
0 |
250.476 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
31.4% |
0% |
0.3% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Mn52 |
0% |
52 |
6 |
5.591d |
EC,β+ |
| Mn52m |
0% |
52 |
2 |
21.1m |
β+,EC,IT |
| Mn53 |
0% |
52.9413 |
7/2 |
3.7E06y |
EC |
| Mn54 |
0% |
53.9402 |
3 |
312.2d |
EC |
| Mn55 |
100% |
54.938 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| Mn56 |
0% |
56 |
3 |
2.578h |
β- |
| Mn57 |
0% |
57 |
5/2 |
1.45m |
β- | |
