Ordnungszahl: |
16 |
Name: |
Sulfur |
Namensursprung: |
Latin: sulphur (brimstone). |
Entdeckung: |
Known to the ancients. |
Beschreibung: |
Tasteless, odorless, pale yellow, brittle solid. Tenth most abundant element in the universe. |
Vorkommen: |
Found in pure form and in ores like cinnabar, galena,
sphalerite and stibnite. Pure form is obtained from undergound deposits
by the Frasch process. |
Verwendung: |
Used in matches, gunpowder, medicines, rubber and pesticides, dyes and insecticides. Also for making sulfuric acid (H2SO4). |
Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
32.066 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
115.21°C |
Siedepunkt: |
444.6°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
2.07 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,6 |
Orbitale: |
[Ne] 3s2 3p4 |
Valenzen: |
2,4,6 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
10.3600 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
23.33 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
34.83 V |
Atomradius: |
1.09 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.71 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
-- |
Schmelzwärme: |
1.7175 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
70 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
2307.52 |
2464.14 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
5.3731 |
5.03159 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
2472 |
0 |
0 |
165 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Å |
5.01559 |
0 |
0 |
75.1427 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
7.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
S32 |
95.02% |
31.9721 |
0 |
|
Stable |
S33 |
0.76% |
32.9714 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
S34 |
4.22% |
33.9679 |
0 |
|
Stable |
S35 |
0% |
34.969 |
3/2 |
87.2d |
β- |
S36 |
0.014% |
35.9671 |
0 |
|
Stable | |