Ordnungszahl: |
7 |
Name: |
Nitrogen |
Namensursprung: |
Greek: nitron and genes, (soda forming). |
Entdeckung: |
1772 by Daniel Rutherford in Scotland |
Beschreibung: |
Colorless, odorless, tasteless, generally inert gas.
Fifth most abundant element in the universe. Makes up about 78% of
earth's atmosphere. |
Vorkommen: |
Obtained from liquid air by fractional distillation. |
Verwendung: |
Primarily to produce ammonia and other fertilizers.
Also used in making nitric acid, which is used in explosives. Also used
in welding and enhanced oil recovery. |
Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
14.00674 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
-209.86°C |
Siedepunkt: |
-195.8°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.0012506 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Gas |
Schalen: |
2,5 |
Orbitale: |
[He] 2s2 2p3 |
Valenzen: |
3,5 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
14.5341 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
29.601 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
47.448 V |
Atomradius: |
0.75 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
1.04 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
2.7928 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
0.3604 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
240 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
392.359 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
31.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
400 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Å |
30.9964 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
0.4% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
N13 |
0% |
13 |
1/2 |
9.97m |
β+ |
N14 |
99.635% |
14.0031 |
1 |
|
Stable |
N15 |
0.365% |
15.0001 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
N16 |
0% |
16 |
2 |
7.13s |
β- | |