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Blei (Pb)

Ordnungszahl: 82
Name: Lead
Namensursprung: Anglo-Saxon: lead; symbol from Latin: plumbum.
Entdeckung: Known to the ancients.
Beschreibung: Very soft, highly malleable and ductile, blue-white shiny metal.
Vorkommen: Found most often in ores called galena or lead sulfide (PbS). Some is found in its native state.
Verwendung: Used in solder, shielding against radiation and in batteries.
Gruppe: Metal
Atomgewicht: 207.2
Schmelzpunkt: 327.502°C
Siedepunkt: 1740°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 11.34 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,32,18,4
Orbitale: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Valenzen: 2,4
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 7.4167 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 15.028 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 31.943 V
Atomradius: 1.81 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.13 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 177.70 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 4.799 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 28.8 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 0 0 10551.9 12614.1 2345.54 2442.58      
Å 0 0 1.17501 0.98291 5.28601 5.076      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 87999 15860 15119 13034 3851 3554 3067 2586 2484
Å 0.14089 0.78174 0.82006 0.95124 3.21956 3.48862 4.04256 4.79449 4.99136
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  96.8% 0% 38.6% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Pb202 0% 202 0 5.3E04y EC
Pb202m 0% 202 9 3.53h IT
Pb203 0% 203 5/2 2.162d EC
Pb204 1.48% 203.973 0   Stable
Pb204m 0% 204 9 1.12h IT
Pb205 0% 205 5/2 1.5E07y EC
Pb206 23.6% 205.974 0   Stable
Pb207 22.6% 206.976 1/2   Stable
Pb208 52.3% 207.977 0   Stable
Pb209 0% 209 9/2 3.25h β-
Pb210 0% 210 0 22.3y β-,α
Pb211 0% 211 9/2 36.1m β-
Pb212 0% 212 0 10.64h β-
Pb214 0% 214 0 27m β-


book | by Dr. Radut