Ordnungszahl: |
6 |
Name: |
Carbon |
Namensursprung: |
Latin: carbo, (charcoal). |
Entdeckung: |
Known to the ancients |
Beschreibung: |
Allotropic forms include diamonds and graphite. Sixth most abundant element in the universe. |
Vorkommen: |
Made by burning organic compounds with insufficient oxygen. |
Verwendung: |
For making steel, in filters, and many more uses. Radiocarbon dating uses the C14 isotope to date old objects. |
Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
12.011 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
3825°C (Sublimes) |
Siedepunkt: |
4827°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
2.62 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,4 |
Orbitale: |
[He] 2s2 2p2 |
Valenzen: |
2,3,4 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.2603 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
24.383 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
47.887 V |
Atomradius: |
0.91 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.71 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
355.80 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
-- |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
1.0 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
277.372 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
44.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
283.84 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Å |
43.6814 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
0.2% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
C11 |
0% |
11 |
3/2 |
20.3m |
β+ |
C12 |
98.892% |
12 |
0 |
|
Stable |
C13 |
1.108% |
13.0034 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
C14 |
0% |
14.0032 |
0 |
5730y |
β- |
C15 |
0% |
15 |
1/2 |
2.45s |
β- | |