Ordnungszahl: |
65 |
Name: |
Terbium |
Namensursprung: |
Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden. |
Entdeckung: |
1843 by Carl Mosander in Sweden |
Beschreibung: |
Soft, ductile, silvery-gray, rare earth metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Found with other rare earths in monazite sand, which
typically contain 0.03% terbium. Other sources are xenotime and
euxenite, both of which are oxide mixtures that can contain up to 1%
terbium. |
Verwendung: |
It is used in modest amounts in special lasers and solid-state devices. |
Gruppe: |
Actinide Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
158.92534 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
1356°C |
Siedepunkt: |
3230°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
8.27 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,27,8,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f9 6s2 |
Valenzen: |
3,4 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.8639 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.525 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
21.91 V |
Atomradius: |
2.51 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.18 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
330.90 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
10.80 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
9.4 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
0 |
0 |
6272.98 |
6978.02 |
1239.85 |
1266.19 |
|
|
|
Å |
0 |
0 |
1.9765 |
1.7768 |
10 |
9.79201 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
51993 |
8708 |
8252 |
7514 |
1968 |
1768 |
1612 |
1275 |
1242 |
Å |
0.23846 |
1.42381 |
1.50249 |
1.65006 |
6.30007 |
7.01275 |
7.6914 |
9.72435 |
9.98272 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
93.7% |
0% |
21% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Tb151 |
0% |
151 |
1/2 |
17.61h |
EC,β+,α |
Tb155 |
0% |
155 |
3/2 |
5.3d |
EC |
Tb156 |
0% |
156 |
3 |
5.3d |
EC |
Tb157 |
0% |
157 |
3/2 |
1.1E02y |
EC |
Tb158 |
0% |
158 |
3 |
1.8E02y |
EC,β- |
Tb159 |
100% |
159.925 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
Tb160 |
0% |
160 |
3 |
72.3d |
β- |
Tb161 |
0% |
161 |
3/2 |
6.91d |
β- |
Tb162 |
0% |
162 |
1 |
7.6m |
β- | |