Ordnungszahl: |
92 |
Name: |
Uranium |
Namensursprung: |
Named for the planet Uranus. |
Entdeckung: |
1789 by Martin Klaproth in Germany |
Beschreibung: |
Silvery-white, dense, ductile, malleable, radioactive metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Occurs in many rocks, but in large amounts only in such minerals as pitchblende and carnotite. |
Verwendung: |
For many centuries it was used as a pigment for glass. Now it is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors and in bombs. |
Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
238.0289 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
1132°C |
Siedepunkt: |
3818°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
18.9 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,32,21,9,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2 |
Valenzen: |
2,3,4,5,6 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
6.1941 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
Atomradius: |
-- |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.12 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
477.0 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
8.520 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
13.9 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
0 |
0 |
13615.2 |
17220.7 |
3170.98 |
3336.53 |
|
|
|
Å |
0 |
0 |
0.91064 |
0.71997 |
3.91 |
3.716 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
115600 |
21756 |
20946 |
17165 |
5548 |
5182 |
4304 |
3728 |
3552 |
Å |
0.10725 |
0.56989 |
0.59192 |
0.72231 |
2.23478 |
2.39262 |
2.8807 |
3.32579 |
3.49058 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
97.6% |
0% |
47.8% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
U230 |
0% |
230 |
0 |
20.8d |
α |
U231 |
0% |
231 |
5/2 |
4.20d |
EC |
U232 |
0% |
232.037 |
0 |
70y |
α,SF |
U233 |
0% |
233.04 |
5/2 |
1.59E05y |
α,SF |
U234 |
0.0055% |
234.041 |
0 |
2.47E05y |
α,SF |
U235 |
0.72% |
235.044 |
7/2 |
7.04E08y |
α,SF |
U236 |
0% |
236.046 |
0 |
2.34E07y |
α,SF |
U237 |
0% |
237 |
1/2 |
6.75d |
β- |
U238 |
99.27% |
238.051 |
0 |
4.47E09y |
α,SF |
U239 |
0% |
239 |
5/2 |
23.5m |
β- |
U240 |
0% |
240 |
0 |
14.1h |
β- | |