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Iod (I)

Ordnungszahl: 53
Name: Iodine
Namensursprung: Greek: iôeides (violet colored).
Entdeckung: 1811 by Bernard Courtois in France
Beschreibung: Shiny, black, non-metalic solid; as a gas it is violet and intensely irritating to the eyes, nose and throat.
Vorkommen: Occurs on land and in the sea in sodium and potassium compounds.
Verwendung: Required in small amounts by humans. Once used as an antiseptic, but no longer due to its poisonous nature.
Gruppe: Halogen
Atomgewicht: 126.90447
Schmelzpunkt: 113.5°C
Siedepunkt: 184.35°C at 35 atmos.
Dichte bei 293 K: 4.93 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,18,7
Orbitale: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Valenzen: 1,3,5,7
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 10.4513 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 19.131 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 33.0 V
Atomradius: 1.32 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.214 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 20.752 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 7.824 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 87 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 28514.2 0 3937.79 4220.87 0 0      
Å 0.43482 0 3.1486 2.93744 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 33169 5189 4853 4558 1073 0 0 631 0
Å 0.37379 2.38939 2.55482 2.72017 11.555 0 0 19.649 0
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  88.2% 0% 10.3% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
I122 0% 122 1 3.62m β+,EC
I123 0% 123 5/2 13.2h EC
I124 0% 124 2 4.18d EC,β+
I125 0% 125 5/2 60.1d EC
I126 0% 126 2 13.0d EC,β-,β+
I127 100% 126.905 5/2   Stable
I128 0% 128 1 25.00m β-,EC,β+
I129 0% 129 7/2 1.57E07y β-
I130 0% 130 5 12.36h β-
I131 0% 131 7/2 8.04d β-,β-
I132 0% 132 4 2.28h β-
I133 0% 133 7/2 20.8h β-,β-
I134 0% 134 4 52.6m β-
I135 0% 135 7/2 6.57h β-,β-
I136 0% 136 2 1.39m β-


book | by Dr. Radut