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Antimon (Sb)

Ordnungszahl: 51
Name: Antimony
Namensursprung: Greek: anti and monos (not alone); symbol from mineral stibnite.
Entdeckung: Known to the ancients.
Beschreibung: Hard, brittle, silvery-white semimetal.
Vorkommen: Found in stibnite (Sb2S3) and in valentinite (Sb2O3).
Verwendung: It is alloyed with other metals to increase their hardness. Also in the manufacture of a few special types of semiconductor devices. Also in plastics and chemicals. A few kinds of over-the-counter cold and flu remedies use antimony compounds.
Gruppe: Metal
Atomgewicht: 121.757
Schmelzpunkt: 630.74°C
Siedepunkt: 1587°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 6.684 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,18,5
Orbitale: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Valenzen: 0,-3,3,5
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 8.64 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 16.53 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 25.30 V
Atomradius: 1.53 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.21 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 77.140 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 19.870 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 11.0 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 26277 29727 3604.84 3843.71 0 0      
Å 0.47184 0.41708 3.43941 3.22567 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 30491 4699 4381 4133 0 0 0 0 528
Å 0.40662 2.63855 2.83007 2.99989 0 0 0 0 23.4821
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  86.7% 0% 8.8% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Sb117 0% 117 5/2 2.80h EC,β+
Sb119 0% 119 5/2 38.1h EC
Sb120 0% 120 1 15.89m EC,β+
Sb121 57.25% 120.904 5/2   Stable
Sb122 0% 122 2 2.70d β-,β+,EC
Sb123 42.75% 122.904 7/2   Stable
Sb124 0% 124 3 60.20d β-
Sb125 0% 125 7/2 2.758y β-,β-
Sb126 0% 126 8 12.4d β-
Sb126m 0% 126 5 19.0m β-,IT
Sb127 0% 127 7/2 3.84d β-,β-
Sb129 0% 129 7/2 4.40h β-,β-


book | by Dr. Radut