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Erbium (Er)

Ordnungszahl: 68
Name: Erbium
Namensursprung: Named after the Swedish town, Ytterby.
Entdeckung: 1843 by Carl Mosander in Sweden
Beschreibung: Soft, malleable, silvery metal.
Vorkommen: Found with other heavier rare earths in xenotime and euxerite.
Verwendung: Erbium oxide is used in ceramics to obtain a pink glaze. Also a few uses in the nuclear industry and as an alloying agent for other exotic metals. For example, it increases the malleability of vanadium.
Gruppe: Actinide Metal
Atomgewicht: 167.26
Schmelzpunkt: 1529°C
Siedepunkt: 2868°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 9.05 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,30,8,2
Orbitale: [Xe] 4f12 6s2
Valenzen: 3
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 6.1078 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 11.929 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 22.739 V
Atomradius: 2.45 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.17 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 261.0 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 19.90 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 9.4 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 0 0 6948.88 7811.09 1405.73 1443.03      
Å 0 0 1.78425 1.5873 8.82 8.59202      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 57482 9751 9264 8358 2207 2006 1812 1454 1410
Å 0.21569 1.27151 1.33836 1.48343 5.61783 6.18073 6.84246 8.52719 8.79329
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  94.5% 0% 24.1% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Er162 0.136% 161.929 0   Stable
Er164 1.56% 163.929 0   Stable
Er166 33.41% 165.93 0   Stable
Er167 22.94% 166.932 7/2   Stable
Er168 27.07% 167.932 0   Stable
Er169 0% 169 1/2 9.40d β-
Er170 14.8% 169.936 0   Stable
Er171 0% 171 5/2 7.52h β-
Er172 0% 172 0 2.05d β-


book | by Dr. Radut