Ordnungszahl: |
63 |
Name: |
Europium |
Namensursprung: |
Named for the continent of Europe. |
Entdeckung: |
1901 by Eugène Demarçay in France |
Beschreibung: |
Soft, silvery-white metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Obtained from monazite sand, which is a mixture of phosphates of calcium, thorium, cerium, and most other rare earths. |
Verwendung: |
Used with yttrium oxide to make red phosphors for color televisions. |
Gruppe: |
Actinide Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
151.965 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
822°C |
Siedepunkt: |
1527°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
5.259 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,25,8,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f7 6s2 |
Valenzen: |
2,3 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.6704 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.245 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
24.926 V |
Atomradius: |
2.56 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.18 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
143.50 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
9.210 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
41 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
0 |
0 |
5845.89 |
6456.56 |
1131.25 |
1153.35 |
|
|
|
Å |
0 |
0 |
2.1209 |
1.9203 |
10.96 |
10.75 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
48516 |
8052 |
7617 |
6977 |
1800 |
1614 |
1481 |
1161 |
1131 |
Å |
0.25555 |
1.53981 |
1.62775 |
1.77706 |
6.88808 |
7.68187 |
8.37174 |
10.6792 |
10.9625 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
93.1% |
0% |
19% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Eu148 |
0% |
148 |
5 |
54.5d |
EC,β+ |
Eu149 |
0% |
149 |
5/2 |
93.1d |
EC |
Eu150 |
0% |
150 |
5 |
36y |
EC |
Eu151 |
47.82% |
150.92 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
Eu152 |
0% |
152 |
3 |
13.48y |
EC,β+,β- |
Eu152m |
0% |
152 |
0 |
9.29h |
β-,EC,β+ |
Eu153 |
52.18% |
152.921 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
Eu154 |
0% |
154 |
3 |
8.59y |
β-,EC |
Eu155 |
0% |
155 |
5/2 |
4.71y |
β- |
Eu156 |
0% |
156 |
0 |
15.2d |
β- | |