Ordnungszahl: |
62 |
Name: |
Samarium |
Namensursprung: |
Named after the mineral samarskite. |
Entdeckung: |
1879 by Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in France |
Beschreibung: |
Silvery rare earth metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Found with other rare earths in monazite sand. The sand is often 50% rare earths by weight and 2.8% samarium. |
Verwendung: |
It is used in the electronics and ceramics industries.
It is easily magnetized and very difficult to demagnetize. This
suggests important future applications in solid-state and
superconductor technologies. |
Gruppe: |
Actinide Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
150.36 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
1074°C |
Siedepunkt: |
1794°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
7.54 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,24,8,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f6 6s2 |
Valenzen: |
2,3 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.6437 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.069 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
23.423 V |
Atomradius: |
2.59 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.20 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
166.40 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
8.630 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
-- |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
0 |
0 |
5636.21 |
6205.29 |
1080.95 |
1100.14 |
|
|
|
Å |
0 |
0 |
2.1998 |
1.99806 |
11.47 |
11.27 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
46831 |
7737 |
7312 |
6716 |
1723 |
1541 |
1420 |
1106 |
1090 |
Å |
0.26475 |
1.6025 |
1.69564 |
1.84612 |
7.1959 |
8.04578 |
8.73137 |
11.2103 |
11.3748 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
92.7% |
0% |
18.1% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Sm144 |
3.09% |
143.912 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Sm145 |
0% |
145 |
7/2 |
340d |
EC |
Sm146 |
0% |
145.913 |
0 |
1.03E08y |
α |
Sm147 |
14.97% |
146.915 |
7/2 |
1.06E11y |
α |
Sm148 |
11.24% |
147.915 |
0 |
7E15y |
α |
Sm149 |
13.83% |
148.917 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
Sm150 |
7.44% |
149.917 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Sm151 |
0% |
151 |
5/2 |
90.0y |
β- |
Sm152 |
76.72% |
151.92 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Sm153 |
0% |
153 |
3/2 |
1.929d |
β- |
Sm154 |
22.71% |
153.922 |
0 |
|
Stable | |