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Magnesium (Mg)

Ordnungszahl: 12
Name: Magnesium
Namensursprung: From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
Entdeckung: 1808 by Sir Humphrey Davy in England
Beschreibung: Lightweight, malleable, silvery-white metal. Eighth most abundant element in the universe. Seventh most abundant element in the earth's crust.
Vorkommen: Usually obtained by electrolysis of melted magnesium chloride (MgCl2) found in sea water. Each cubic mile of seawater contains about 12 billion pounds of magnesium.
Verwendung: Used in alloys to make airplanes, missiles and other uses for light metals. Has structural properties similar to aluminium. But since it is flammable at temperatures of burning gasoline, its uses are limited.
Gruppe: Alkali Earth Metal
Atomgewicht: 24.3050
Schmelzpunkt: 648.8°C
Siedepunkt: 1090°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 1.738 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,2
Orbitale: [Ne] 3s2
Valenzen: 2
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 7.6462 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 15.035 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 80.143 V
Atomradius: 1.72 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 1.02 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 127.40 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 8.954 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 24.8 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 1253.64 1295.59 0 0 0 0      
Å 9.89003 9.5698 0 0 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 1305 62.84 49.73 49.45 0 0 0 0 0
Å 9.5008 197.303 249.317 250.729 0 0 0 0 0
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  2.7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Mg24 78.7% 23.985 0   Stable
Mg25 10.13% 24.9858 5/2   Stable
Mg26 11.17% 25.9826 0   Stable
Mg27 0% 27 1/2 9.45m β-
Mg28 0% 28 0 21.0h β-


book | by Dr. Radut